Cash & Bank

The money that actually moved, against the books and your approvals.

A lender's covenant or a raise means someone outside the company signs off on your numbers, on a date. Cash & Bank gets you ready. Every bank and card transaction matched to your books and your approvals, so the bank and the books agree every month.

What it checks

  • Reconciliation complete. Every bank transaction in the period matches an entry in your books, or is listed as still to be matched, with its age.
  • Balances tie. The bank balance at month end equals the cash balance in your books, plus the items still to be matched.
  • Payment to an approved account. Every payment goes to the account on the supplier's record, and a payment to a new or changed account is flagged.
  • Authorisation limit. A payment above the limit you set has a recorded approver.
  • Unusual disbursement. A payment outside an account's normal pattern, in size, payee, day or frequency, is flagged with the amount.
  • Duplicate payment. The same payee paid the same amount twice within 30 days, across bank, card and books, is flagged as a duplicate.
  • Recurring charge still in use. A recurring charge with no named owner or no sign of use is raised as a question: confirm it is still in use.
  • Card charge without support. A card charge above your receipt threshold with no receipt or invoice in the Data Room is flagged.
  • Spend within policy. A card charge is checked against your card policy, its categories, limits and merchants, when you have given one.

A finding, in its own words

Payment of $4,800.00 on 12 August went to an account that is not the one on the supplier's record, which has been unchanged since March. The account changed on the invoice dated 9 August, three days before the payment.

Notion charges $96.00 a month on the Ramp card. I cannot find an owner or any sign of use in the last 90 days. Confirm it is still in use, or name the owner, and I will stop asking.

What it may ask you

  • How many days can a bank item sit unmatched before you want to hear about it? Unless you say otherwise: 30.
  • How many times bigger than a normal payment counts as unusual for an account? For example 3 times. Unless you say otherwise: 3.
  • Any accounts where big regular payments are normal? For example a payroll sweep account.
  • Who owns each recurring charge on your cards? For example 'Notion: Sam'.
  • Any rules for card spend? Category limits or blocked merchants, like 'no alcohol' or 'travel under $500'.

What it draws on

  • The bank and the books agree. COSO Control Activities, principle 10; SOX: Cash reconciliation.
  • Money goes only to approved accounts. COSO Control Activities, principle 10; SOX: Disbursement authorisation and payee validation.
  • Changes to master data are controlled. COSO Control Activities, principle 11; SOX: Master file maintenance controls.
  • Authorisation of transactions and changes. COSO Control Activities, principle 10; SOX: Authorisation of transactions.
  • Unusual payments are noticed. COSO Monitoring Activities, principle 16; SOX: Disbursement monitoring.
  • No transaction is recorded or paid twice. COSO Control Activities, principle 10; SOX: Duplicate payment prevention.
  • Recurring charges have an owner and a use. COSO Monitoring Activities, principle 16; SOX: Expense validity.
  • Card spend is supported and within policy. COSO Control Activities, principle 10; SOX: Corporate card controls.
  • Transactions are supported by documents. COSO Information and Communication, principle 13; SOX: Audit trail and supporting evidence.

What it needs

  • bank statements, or the bank transactions themselves through a Connection
  • card transactions
  • receipts and invoices for card charges, so a charge has support
  • your approval limits and card policy, asked for only when a check needs them
  • Connections, optional: Mercury, Brex, Ramp or your bank for the transactions, and QuickBooks or Xero for the books they are matched to. A statement is enough to start.